The spores are the gametophytic generation. Through the process of meiosis, the sporophyte produces haploid spores in the flower. The sporophyte is the growth you would easily recognize as a plant. Higher plants (angiosperms) have a long-lived sporophytic generation that is the diploid sporophyte. Plant growth is divided into two generations that are diploid (2n) and haploid (1n). LadyofHats, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons. Instead of two diploid cells from one diploid cell (the outcome of mitosis), the outcome of meiosis is four haploid cells from one diploid cell. Plants that practice sexual reproduction use mitotic cell division when increasing the diploid vegetative parts of the plant like stem, leaf, and root, but use meiotic cell division to initiate the haploid stage of the plant that ultimately results in production of egg and sperm cells central to sexual reproduction. If new plants are instead produced from seeds, this is a strong indication (but not a certainty…optionally read about apomixis) that reproduction was sexual. When new plants are produced from existing plant parts, like pieces of leaf, stem, or root, reproduction is asexual and the only type of cell division that has taken place is mitosis, where one diploid cell produces two identical diploid cells. Be able tompare the similarities and differences in the mechanics of mitosis and meiosis.Īs seen earlier, there are two broad categories of plant propagation: sexual and asexual.Be able to model the stages of meiosis.Know how meiosis produces gametes that are genetically diverse.Understand how meiosis starts with one diploid cell and results in four haploid cells.
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